Credit: Shutterstock photoThe U.S. publishing industry has long been grappling with sinking advertising revenue, and the global economic downturn only worsened the situation. The downturn in the publishing industry, which has been going on for the last few years now, came in the wake of declining print readership as more readers choose to get free online news, thereby making the print-advertising model increasingly under pressure.
Changing consumer preferences and the advent of new and innovative technologies have been altering the way news is read and offered. Readers now have more choices to collect and read articles and news through devices such as netbooks, tablets or other hand-held devices.
These have been weighing upon the print newspaper industry, as advertisers now get low-cost avenues through which they can reach their target audience more effectively. An alternative and stable source of revenue is the demand of the time to salvage the dwindling print newspaper industry.
Let's have a look at what is happening in the publishing industry and how newspaper companies are adapting with the changing scenarios to keep themselves alive in the race for survival.
Circulation Falling Prey to Internet
Newspapers have fared far worse than magazines, as web-based news options have gotten the upper hand in recent years. The two-decade-long erosion in newspaper circulation reinforced the decline in advertising revenue. Circulation has also fallen prey to budget cuts with newspaper companies reducing the number of print pages and newsroom staff to combat the downturn.
Despite the fall in newspaper circulation, some companies are reporting improved revenue from circulation due to the increase in subscription and newsstand prices. On the flip side, while the increase in prices for print editions is generating more circulation revenue, it is also resulting in subscriber losses due to the shift in preference for free online content.
Waning Newspaper Advertising Revenue
Advertising volumes are still under pressure as advertisers keep shying away from making any upfront commitments in an economy which is still not completely awoken from a state of hibernation. According to data released by the Kantar Media Intelligence, advertising expenditures during 2013 fell 3.8% in Local Newspapers and 3.6% in National Newspapers due soft advertising demand across Financial Service, Retail and Motion Picture marketers.
Print advertising revenue at The New York Times Company ( NYT ) dropped 6.3% in the fourth quarter of 2013. At Gannett Co. Inc. ( GCI ), publishing advertising revenue fell 10.3% in the quarter. Print advertising revenue tumbled 8% at The McClatchy Company ( MNI ). Publishing advertising revenue dropped approximately 11.8% at Journal Communications, Inc. ( JRN ) during the quarter.
Efforts to Mitigate Losses
In an effort to offset declining revenue and shrinking market share, publishers are scrambling to slash costs. This has compelled many newspaper companies to undertake cost-cutting measures, such as trimming of headcount, pay cuts, furloughs, voluntary retirement program and closure of printing facilities.
Newspaper companies have now been remodeling and restructuring themselves to better align with the growing need of marketers, targeting younger people, affluent households and other demographic groups with multiple web and print publications. The publishing companies are adapting to the changing face of the multi-platform media universe, which currently includes Internet, mobile, tablet, social media networks and outdoor video advertising in its portfolio.
Publishing companies have been offloading assets that bear no direct relation with the core operations. The New York Times Company in May 2012 divested its remaining stake (210 Class B units) in the Fenway Sports Group, the owner of the Boston Red Sox and the Liverpool Football Club, for $63 million.
Another example of shedding the assets by the company is the sale of Regional Media Group in Dec 2011, which has long been grappling with shrinking advertising revenue.
Waning print advertising revenue, in an uncertain economy, compelled The New York Times Company to take this tough decision of divesting Regional Media Group, part of The New York Times Media Group. This would allow the company to re-focus on its core newspapers and pay more attention to its online activities. The decision to divest the division is also considered part of the cost containment efforts undertaken to stay afloat in this turbulent environment.
The New York Times Company on Sep 24, 2012 completed the sale of About Group, which it acquired in 2005, to InterActiveCorp ( IACI ) for a consideration of $300 million. In Oct 2012, the company sold its stake in Indeed.com, a job portal, for approximately $167 million.
The New York Times Company on Oct 24, 2013 completed the sale of its New England Media Group, including The Boston Globe and its allied properties to an acquisition company spearheaded by John W. Henry, who owns Fenway Sports Group. Additionally, the company also offloaded its 49% stake in Metro Boston.
Publishing companies are also diversifying their revenue base. This is evident from Gannett's recent acquisition of television-station operator, Belo Corp. The deal will serve as a game changer for the company as it will strengthen its foothold in the rapidly growing broadcast media business. Moreover, this deal is a strategic fit for the company as it will transform Gannett's business model, which was primarily focused on low margins newspapers to a high-margin multi-media business.
Online Advertising Gaining Traction
Advertisers are migrating to the Internet driven by increasing online readership and lower online advertising prices compared to print. Consumers are now spending more time online, and are searching news articles in the Internet.
Newspaper companies, who gauged this trend, have been trying to revamp themselves by increasing their digital applications. Digital advertising revenue remains a sole performer in the newspaper industry. McClatchy witnessed 2.2% rise in digital advertising revenue during the fourth quarter of 2013.
Pay As You Access
"To read further please subscribe" is the new mantra that newspaper companies are fast adopting. To curb shrinking advertising revenue and improve market share battered by the recent economic downturn, some of the publishing companies are now considering charging readers for online content. We believe that this would mark an end to the free usage of online contents. Despite hiccups in the economy, the online subscription-based model still promises guaranteed revenue generation.
The New York Times Company, on March 28, 2011 launched a pricing system for NYTimes.com, whereby after browsing a certain number of free articles, readers will be asked to subscribe for complete access to its articles on phones, tablet computers and the Internet.
The New York Times Company fixed monthly charges of $15 for access to more than the restricted number of articles on its website and on a smartphone application; $20 for unlimited access online and on Apple Inc.'s ( AAPL ) iPad tablet computer application; and $35 for online, smartphone and iPad application. Moreover, in order to woo subscribers, the company introduced a plan of 99 cents under which one will be able to enjoy all digital offerings for one month.
The company also indicated that the users of NYTimes.com will be able to read 10 articles per month without spending a penny. However, readers visiting The New York Times Company's website via blog links or social-media sites such as Facebook, Inc. ( FB ) or Twitter will be able to access an unlimited number of articles.
But traffic reaching the company's website through search engines such as Google Inc. ( GOOG ), Microsoft Corporation's ( MSFT ) Bing and Yahoo Inc. ( YHOO ) will be able to view five articles per day before being asked for a subscription.
We believe the success of the pay model depends on the accessibility of news articles across the web. Potential customers will be reluctant to shell out a penny if content is available free of cost elsewhere. However, The New York Times Company notified that the number of paid digital subscribers for The Times and the International Herald Tribune reached 760,000 at the end of the fourth quarter of 2013, reflecting a jump of over 19% year-over-year.
The New York Times Company is steadily taking strides to bring in more readers under the ambit of the subscription based model. Additionally, the latest step to limit the number of articles that can be read through mobile applications is just another strategy undertaken on that front.
From June 27, 2013 onwards, mobile app users are now able to access a maximum of three articles per day from over 25 sections, blogs and slideshows, before being asked to subscribe. Earlier, the users only had access to the Top News segment, unlike subscribers who could enjoy content beyond the prescribed limit. However, the video content remains free for all.
The New York Times Company intends to transform itself and lessen its reliance on traditional advertising. In doing so, the company wishes to launch lower-priced as well as premium subscription based model to target different masses according to their appetite, and emphasize on online video production and brand extension. The company also christened International Herald Tribune as the International New York Times to represent itself as a single brand identity in order to attract international digital subscribers.
OPPORTUNITIES
Despite the tough times faced by the publishing industry, there are a number of defensive names in the group that can hold their ground. Companies are radically changing their business models to get in line with industry trends.
The New York Times Company ( NYT ) is diversifying its business, introducing new revenue streams, strengthening its balance sheet and restructuring its portfolio. It is also divesting assets that bear no direct relation with the core operations in order to concentrate more on its core newspapers and online activities. The company intends to introduce a new line of digital products and services to move beyond traditional advertising.
The New York Times Company currently carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). Other better ranked stock in the industry is A. H. Belo Corporation ( AHC ) sporting a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy).
WEAKNESSES
The newspaper industry continues its struggle with plummeting advertising revenue amid an economy, which is still in recovery phase. Although murmurs about advertisers returning to the market are gaining ground as the economy revives, the positive effects have yet to be realized.
Gannett Co., Inc. ( GCI ) is grappling with sinking advertising revenue. Publishing advertising revenue fell 10.3% during the fourth quarter of 2013, following a decline of 5.9% in the third quarter. Tepid recovery in the economy along with weakness in advertising demand impacted the results. We believe that the company's focus on subscription based model and Geodigital services would make it less dependable on traditional advertising revenue. Gannett currently carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold).
Zacks Industry Rank
Within the Zacks Industry classification, Publishing forms part of Consumer Staples sector, one of 16 Zacks sectors, though the media industry is part of the Consumer Discretionary sector. We rank all the 260 plus industries in the 16 Zacks sectors based on the earnings outlook and fundamental strength of the constituent companies in each industry. To learn more visit: About Zacks Industry Rank .
As a point of reference, the outlook for industries with Zacks Industry Rank #88 and lower is 'Positive,' between #89 and #176 is 'Neutral' and #177 and higher is 'Negative.' The Zacks Industry Rank for Publishing Newspaper is #105.
Analyzing the Zacks Industry Rank, it is apparent that the Publishing Newspaper outlook is showcasing a neutral view.
Earnings Trends
The broader Consumer Staples sector portrays an healthy earnings trend. Looking at the consensus earnings expectations, we remain slightly cautious since earnings are expected to decline marginally by 1.8% in the first quarter of 2014 but remain encouraged for the full year 2014, when the earnings are projected to register growth of 4.6%. For 2015, earnings are expected to increase 8.6%.
For more details about earnings for this sector and others, please read our ' Earnings Trends ' report.
Let's Conclude
The newspaper companies are transforming their business models to better position themselves in a multi-platform media universe. Although the U.S. economy is witnessing a soft recovery in the advertising environment, we believe 2014 will not likely mark the complete resurrection of the publishing industry. According to the industry experts, newspaper companies will focus more on mobile devices, online advertising based on user experience, and personalized content.
With a strategic and steady newspaper budget, we could see fewer layoffs, increased focus on web and local content, improved subscription and concentration on profitable circulation. We observe newspapers are turning more subscriber-oriented, offering reports in line with readers' choice. We expect paywall strategies, new pricing techniques and product innovation to generate more revenues ahead for the newspaper companies.
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
